Prevalence and Associations of Psychiatric Comorbidities Among Opioid Users in Bangladesh
Psychiatric Comorbidities Among Opioid Users
Keywords:
Psychiatric comorbidities, substance use disorder, major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorderAbstract
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Background: Opioid addiction is a growing concern in Bangladesh, affecting many with substance use disorders. Besides physical health issues, opioid injectors often face psychiatric comorbidities, complicating treatment. This study assesses the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among opioid injectors in Dhaka. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2024 and December 2024 at two rehabilitation centers in Dhaka. A total of 165 opioid injectors participated, with data collected through face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires. Socio-demographic details, substance use history, and psychiatric comorbidities were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21, with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to explore relationships between demographic factors and psychiatric disorders. Results: The study found that 66.7% of the participants were male, and the majority (66.7%) were aged between 18-29 years. The most prevalent psychiatric disorders among opioid injectors were substance use disorder (40%) and major depressive disorder (25%). Other significant psychiatric conditions included generalized anxiety disorder (18%), PTSD (15%), and suicidality (20%). Associations were found between specific opioids (e.g., codeine, tramadol) and psychiatric comorbidities, with poly-substance use showing the strongest link (OR: 11.16). Additionally, sedative use was significantly associated with major depressive disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Conclusions: The findings highlight a significant mental health burden among opioid injectors in Bangladesh, with high rates of psychiatric issues like major depressive disorder and substance use disorder. The study emphasizes the need for integrated treatment to address both substance use and mental health to improve outcomes.
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