Clinico-Epidemiological Profile and Early Outcomes of Patients with Traumatic Spine Injuries: An Observational Study
Early Outcomes of Patients with Traumatic Spine Injuries
Keywords:
Traumatic spine injury, ASIA Impairment Scale, road traffic accident, neurological recovery, complicationsAbstract
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Background: The aim is to study the clinico-epidemiological profile and early outcomes of patients with traumatic spine injury in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This observational study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedics over 12 months and included 80 patients aged 18 years or older with traumatic spine injuries confirmed through clinical and radiological assessments. Patients arriving within 48 hours of injury were enrolled, excluding those with pre-existing spinal deformities, tumors, infections, or incomplete records. Detailed demographic, clinical, and injury data were collected, including age, gender, mechanism, and level of injury. The severity of injuries was assessed using the ASIA Impairment Scale. Management included either conservative or surgical interventions, followed by rehabilitation. Early outcomes were assessed at discharge, documenting neurological recovery, complications, and functional improvements. Results: The largest age group affected was 31-50 years (37.50%), followed by 18-30 years (27.50%), with males comprising 65.00% of the patients. Road traffic accidents were the leading cause of injury (47.50%), followed by falls from height (31.25%). Thoracic injuries were most common (37.50%), followed by cervical (35.00%) and lumbar (27.50%). Most patients were classified as ASIA C (31.25%), while 18.75% had complete injuries (ASIA A). Neurological improvement was seen in 50.00% of patients, while 37.50% showed no change. Complications included infections (6.25%), DVT (3.75%), pressure ulcers (2.50%), and respiratory issues (5.00%). Conclusion: This study highlights the clinico-epidemiological trends and early outcomes of traumatic spine injuries, emphasizing the high prevalence among middle-aged males, predominantly from road traffic accidents. The severity and distribution of injuries highlight the importance of timely interventions. While many patients experience neurological recovery, complications necessitate comprehensive management and preventive strategies.
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